Half power beamwidth problems. An online beamwidth coverage calculator is available.
Half power beamwidth problems. Folded Dipole & Yagi-Uda Antenna.
Half power beamwidth problems When disclosing beamwidth on test reports and datasheets, Powertec follow the BASTA reporting recommendations. In [2] a field for which directivities can be calculated exactly was used in comparisons of some directivity approximations beamwidth (HPBW), which is analogous to the half-power bandwidth (-3 dB point) we • Similarly, another important parameter about the radiation pattern is the first null beamwidth (FNBW), which is the angular spread between the first two nulls in the pattern. Understanding how gain functions and how it affects other antenna parameters is vital to saving time and Our expert help has broken down your problem into an easy-to-learn solution you can count on. 23), D 4π 4π F dΩ 4π 2π 60 0 0 sin θ dθ dφ 2π 4π cos θ 60 0 2 1 2 1 4 6 dB CHAPTER 9 412 Ωp 4π sr D 4π sr 4 π (sr) The half power beamwidth is β 120 . 7 to 30. ,MISTE,MISOI. Beamwidth . com/watch?v=RTtCxtSaG8w&list=PLFxhgwM1F4ywAyke2KC22BLBl1 Q Read "The Rainbow Development Water Problem" case on pages 267 -268 of the text. Lally) HPBW is the width of the main lobe measured between two points at which the directivity is one-half its maximum value. When evaluated in the x-y plane, this antenna would be described as vertically polarized, because the E-field would be vertically oriented (along the The beamwidth widens as the beam is scanned away from boresight. A narrower HPBW indicates a more directional antenna 11. 3) and the figure also suggest that high Problem 9. For large arrays, the HPBW is approximately taken as half of the BWFN. This is the Research articles and resources from Valparaiso University's engineering department. 1. To practice all areas of Antennas, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers. 007878. The half-power antenna beamwidth in the θ direction is the angle θ B between two directions where the radiated power is half that radiated at the peak, as illustrated. Half Power Beam Width First Null Beam Width. 3. In antennas, the expression half-power point does not relate to frequency: instead, it describes the extent in space of an antenna beam. Determine the direction of null in the radiation pattern for 0 6 φ 6 π. https://www. 5 times the maximum (-3dB below maximum) First null beamwidth. The gain at 1. a) Half power beam width b) Full null beam width c) Beam width d) None of the mentioned View Answer Answer: a Explanation: The beam width of an antenna measure at half of the maximum power received by an antenna or the 3 dB beam width of the antenna is termed as half null beam width. 4. Blog. Radiation, Baluns & Polarization. The plot displays the half-power beamwidth (in degrees) at the frequency specified in freq (in Hz) Half-Power Beamwidth is the angular distance on ether side of the peak field, or main lobe, of the antenna that represents half of the peak field intinsity. It is defined as the angular separation between two identical points on the opposite sides of the main lobe. First find vector potential A(r,ω) by solving the equation below. 5 is the correct absolute power, since the \$\max\limits_x \,\cos^2(x)\cos^2(3x) = 1\$. Home - My Homepage (d) Power delivered to a matched load when the incident power density is 10 13. collapse all. From Figure 2, the pattern decreases to -3 dB at 77. From Eq. The normalized radiation intensity of an antenna is rotationally symmetric in φ, and it is represented by . 5730 0. Solution: The direction of maximum radiation is the φ 0). Half Power Beam Width (HPBW): It is the angle between the two points (called half power points or -3 dB point) on the radiation pattern where the power is half of the maximum value. 707 times the maximum, or the power is 0. An obvious choice for this fraction is 1 / 2 (−3 dB), in which case the diameter obtained is the full width of the beam at half its maximum Even the best values of the beamwidth constancy reported in literature exhibited the mean half power beamwidth (HPBW) variation of ±12 to ±14%, while the maximum BW ratios were only between 2:1 of the half-power beam width (HPBW) of a uniform circular array (UCA) in azimuth and elevation are investigated by numerical calculations and data analysis methodology. Two corresponding formulas are proposed to approximately estimate the HPBW of UCA in azimuth and elevation under different pointing directions of the main lobe. 5$ degree c) $1. An array of N elements has an AF approximated with a Chebyshev polynomial of order m, which is m N= − 1. Thus (10. Twice the half power beam width gives the first null beam width. Rectangular Aperture Uniform Aperture Field Beamwidths. 2865 Input Arguments. Half-power beamwidth (HPBW) is a key parameter to measure the performance of antenna array and the newly proposed intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) systems. The half-power point is the angle off boresight at which the antenna gain first falls to half power (approximately −3 dB) [a] from the peak. This paper reports on the design of broadband antenna arrays with constant half-power beamwidth (HPBW). youtube. Beamwidth provides a metric of angular resolution for antennas. 4) This video lecture deals with the solution of problems based on half power beam width and first null beam width. , ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ECE DEPARTMENT SVEW Page 5 Beam area~ Ω A ~ Θ HP φ HP (Sr) where Θ HP and φ HP are the half power beam widths along θ and φ directions respectively. The equivalent problem in (b) assumes that the field inside the volume enclosed by S is given by ( , )E H e e, which is different from the original field ( , )E H o o. Ask Question Asked 2 years, 6 months ago. Beamwidth is normally measured at the half-power or -3 dB point of the main lobe unless otherwis e specified. Question: 2. The most common type of beamwidth is the half-power (3 dB) beamwidth (HPBW). This CalcTown calculator calculates the half power beam width (HPBW) of a parabolic antenna. A narrower HPBW indicates a more The Half Power Beamwidth (HPBW) is the angular separation in which the magnitude of the radiation pattern decrease by 50% (or -3 dB) from the peak of the main beam. Half power beam width is the angular width measured between the 3dB power points of the major lobe. 7 and 102. answeredTime. 0; S. Solving the equation cos x = 1/√2, we find θ = 45 degrees or π/4 radians, which θ - antenna half-power beamwidth angle or 3dB beamwidth angle (in degrees) Example calculation: If the product distance (d) is 1 Meter and half-power beamwidth is 30 degrees, calculate the antenna beamwidth coverage. BASTA define the reporting of HPBW Q Please solve all the following eigen quantum physics problems (questions in picture) asap. RTU Wallah channel covers subj The 3 dB, or half-power, beamwidth of the antenna is defined as the angular width of the radiation pattern, including beam peak maximum, between points 3 dB down from maximum beam level (beam peak). To find HPBW, in the equation, defnini g the radiation pattern, we set power equal to 0. SDSC ISRO Technical Assistant Electronics 8 April 2018 Official Paper Download PDF Attempt Online. Solution: By substituting d = 1 m and θ = 30 degrees in the above formula, we get: Antenna beamwidth coverage S = 0. 54 dB, approximately 20 dB lower than at 2 GHz. Very often we will plot antenna patterns in dB, which is inherently a power plot. Specification Definition. As a pattern (b) Directivity (c) Beam solid angle. 7. Contact. 15 dBi Half-power beamwidth: 80 deg x 360 deg • Log Periodic Antennas Gain: 6 to 10 dBi Half-power beamwidth: 60 deg x 80 deg • Flared Horn Antennas Gain: 5 to 24 dBi Half-power beamwidth: 40 deg x 40 deg (dependent on gain) Abstract: Half-power beamwidth (HPBW) is a key parameter to measure the performance of antenna array and the newly proposed intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) systems. 5 GHz, the gain increases slightly to 18. The 3-dB beamwidth (or half-power beamwidth) of an antenna is typically defined for each of the principal planes. An online beamwidth coverage calculator is available. 3 degrees. 3) 2) they are oriented in the same way in space (they have identical polarizations), i. 11(b) 2-D power patterns (in linear scale) of U( )=cos²( ) cos³( ) HALF POWER BEAM WIDTH AND FIRST NULL BEAM WIDTH ️About video:- In radiation patter a point where becomes half of the maximum value these points are known as The far-field approximation of the two-element array problem: θ θ θ P r1 r2 y 1 2 2 d 2 d r cos 2 d θ z Let us assume that: 1) the array elements are identical, i. for an antenna whose normalized radiation intensity is given by I for 0 < 0 < 60°and 0 < < 27 O elsewhere. My Approach: We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Angle between nulls in pattern. 6 degrees. In Figure 1, BW N is the azimuth beamwidth an d BW 2 is the elevation beamwidth. Products; Assuming that the impedance is the same, half the voltage will cause half a current. Horn antennas have reasonable directivity, are used at microwave frequencies and are fed by waveguides. Suggestion: Sketch the pattern prior to calculating the desired quantities. Given the normalized radiation intensity U(θ) = cos θ, the half-power beamwidth (HPBW) occurs where |U(θ)| = 1/√2. It the angular width calculated between the points when the power drops to half of the maximum power radiated. What is the half beam width of an antenna?How do you calculate half power beamwidth in an antenna?What is half power b The half - power beam width (HPBW) of an antenna in the two orthogonal planes are 120º and 40º respectively. The Half Power Beam Width For a given array, the HPBW is a function of the direction of the main beam. 11) for N = 6, \(\psi\) = 0, and a = λ/2 Rule of thumb: the angular half-power beam width (HPBW) of a parabolic reflector can be estimated from the diameter of the dish and the frequency of operation: Angular beam width (degrees)=70 degrees/(D/lambda) Thanks for the correction, Vincenzo! This rule is attributed to Robert E. Fig. 23), D 4π 4π F dΩ s 4π π 2 π 2 π 0 in 2 θco s2 φd c 4π π 0 2 π 2 o s2 φ d π in3 Understanding Half Power Beam Width (HPBW) and First null Beam Width (FNBW) in the radiation pattern of an antenna: Half Power Beam Width (HPBW): It is the angle between the two points (called half power points or -3 dB point) on the radiation pattern where the power is half of the maximum value. Here the angle θ(0 6 θ 6 Half power beam width is the angle in which relative power is more than 50% of the peak power, in the effective radiated field of the antenna. This can be used to extract fine The half-power beamwidth of the antenna, along with the distance to the device under test (DUT) provides the information needed to set up a test environment. The proposed concept is based on non-uniformly spaced and non-uniformly-fed radiating elements using frequency-selective feeding networks. Beam width is the area where most of the power is radiated, which is the peak power. The HPBW is minimum for a broadside direction [8]. The plot displays the half-power beamwidth (in degrees) at the frequency specified in freq (in Hz) and the angles (in degrees) in azimuth at which the magnitude of the power pattern decreases by 3 dB from the peak of the main beam. Find the directivity (dimensionless and in dB) for the antenna of Problem 4 using Kraus’ approximate formula. The waveguide feed acts as a high-pass filter; it blocks energy below its 'cutoff' frequency and passes energy above this level. Folded Dipole & Yagi-Uda Antenna. Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Antennas. Often, the Problem no. 1). 3 MHz using 10-Hz steps. Half-power beamwidth: 20-100 deg x 360 deg • /2 Dipole (Half-Wave Dipole Antenna) Gain: 2. If RF-voltage measurements should be This video lecture deals with the problems on Half power beam width and first null beam width. The angle θ fn between the beam axis and the first null is approximately the half-power beamwidth θ B of an N-element antenna array. The parameters that can be varied include the angle of the beam, number of antenna elements and separation of the antenna elements. Use AMan to generate, edit and analyze a single antenna. See Glossary. Hence the HPBW is 102. ISRO Scientist EC 2017 (May) Official Paper For electrically large antennas, the half-power beamwidths are small whereas for electrically small antennas, A 'polar' diagram showing beamwidth. The polarization of this antenna is linear. If hpbw is a row vector, then beamwidth2gain assumes a symmetric aperture and each element of hpbw specifies the same beamwidth for both azimuth and elevation dimensions. Nikolova 2023 7 First-null beamwidth (FNBW) is the angle between two vectors, originating at the pattern’s origin and tangent to the main beam at its base. Tech. When Where: BW = antenna beamwidth; 8 = wavelength; d = antenna diameter. 707\$. 3 Determine the (a) direction of maximum radiation, (b) directivity, (c) beam solid angle, and (d) half-power beamwidth in thex–z plane for an antenna whose normalized radiation intensity is given by F (θ; φ) = 1; for 0 θ 60 and 0 φ 2π 0; elsewhere. questionLanding. Benha University Antennas &Wave Propagation Electrical Eng. 3 Determine the (a) direction of maximum radiation, (b) directivity, (c) beam solid angle, and (d) half-power beamwidth in thex–z plane for an antenna whose normalized radiation Half-power beamwidth (HPBW) is the angle between two vectors, originating at the pattern’s origin and passing through these points of the major lobe where the radiation intensity is half Power is proportional to the square of intensity; so for half power, you need \$1/\sqrt2\$ intensity; and \$1/\sqrt2\approx 0. The number of nulls increases as the number of elements increases. Find the half-power beamwidth (HPBW) and first-null The simplest way to define the width of a beam is to choose two diametrically opposite points at which the irradiance is a specified fraction of the beam's peak irradiance, and take the distance between them as a measure of the beam's width. Raveendra M. The half power beamwidth is β 120 . 5 and The Half-Power Beamwidth (HPBW) is an important measure of the directivity of an antenna or the directional response of any radiation pattern. 2. Solution: The direction of maximum radiation is the xˆ-axis (where θ π 2 and φ 0). 5 Repeat Problem 9. For a Hertz dipole antenna, the half power beam width (HPBW) in the E-plane is. Angle between adjacent points where field strength is 0. 7 = 24. Viewed 2k times 0 Power is proportional to the square of intensity; Most commonly, beamwidth is defined by either the half-power beamwidth (HPBW) or the null-to-null spacing of the main lobe (FNBW). 707 (half power point) and finding θ. Design a pyramidal horn antenna with optimum gain at a frequency of 10 GHz. The latter equation is kind of famous as it resembles the inhomogeneous wave equation in frequency space, i. Horn Antenna. To find the HPBW, we move 3 dB down from the peak and measure the angular distance (Fig. directions and the gain is just a characterization of the way the power is radiated. At 2. 536 Meter. This question was previously asked in. Since the power density of a wave is. Half power beamwidth of antenna. Directivity is the maximum directive gain. Half the power is equivalent to -3dB, so the half-power beamwidth is also sometimes Beamwidth | HPBW | FNBW | Half Power Beamwidth | First Null BeamwidthHello students, Welcome to our YouTube Channel RTU Wallah. It is the area where most of the power is radiated. Gain: 0 to 18 dBi (varies over operating band) Half-power beamwidth: 5 to 100 deg both polarities; Conclusion Antenna gain is a fundamental aspect of both antenna design and test. 2θ gives the value of beam width. (d) Half-power beamwidth in the x-z plane. The antenna equations which follow relate to Figure 1 as a typical antenna. , E E E n n n1 2( , ) ( , ) ( , )θ φ θ φ θ φ= = , (13. The HPBW is the angular width between the half-power points (where the intensity is half of the maximum), and the FNBW is the angular width between the first nulls (points of zero intensity What is the Half Power Beamwidth (3dB Angle) of an Antenna? Half power beamwidth of an antenna is the angular separation, in which the magnitude of the radiation pattern decreases by 50% (or -3dB) from the peak of the main beam. 7$ degree b) $0. the inhomogeneous Helmholtz equation. hpbw — Half-power one-way beamwidth positive scalar | J-by-K real-valued vector of positive values. 1 Half Power Beamwidth - HPBWFirst Null Beamwidth - FNBW (or Beamwidth Between First Nulls - BWFN)Problems Half Power Beamwidth of a ULA as a function of Steering Angle (Phi) For further visualization of the variation in antenna pattern as a function of the steering angle please have a look at this Interactive Graph. It is an essential parameter in determining The Half Power Beamwidth (HPBW) is the angular separation in which the magnitude of the radiation pattern decrease by 50% (or -3 dB) from the peak of the main beam. The above approaches are used to compute fields in half-space as excited by apertures. but then when you google it, you get something like this from Wikipedia: In a radio antenna pattern, the half power beam width is the angle between the half Directivity-Gain-Resolution, Antenna Apertures, Illustrative Problems. The overall length of the antenna from the imaginary vertex of the horn to the center of the aperture is 101 and is nearly the same in both planes. beamwidth(array,freq) plots the 2-D power pattern (in dB) of the array for all azimuth angles at a fixed elevation angle of zero degrees. Q Please provide a correct, clear, and well explained solutions for the following (problem 1 and problem 2) -----Introduct. From Figure 2, Half power beamwidth typically refers to the angular width of an antenna’s main lobe where the power is reduced to half its maximum value. bw = [1,2]; lambda = 0. Shown is a definition of antenna beamwidth (in this example, a linear array of N = 8, d = λ/2, θ = 30°). Altair WinProp 2021 Documentation. If you’re someone who does, that’s great, don’t get me wrong. It is a way of quantifying how broad or narrow the beam of energy is that is emitted from an antenna, speaker, or other device. Folded Dipole Antenna Yagi-Uda Antenna Yagi-Uda Construction. Another commonly quoted beamwidth is the Null to Null Beamwidth. (a) (b) (c) 12. The antenna gain G(θ) associated with (10. With the same steps applied, the half power beam width of the antenna is 450. The proposed formulas’ validities are The radar has a half-power beamwidth of 1 degree along one dimension and a half-power beamwidth of 2 degrees along the other. Home; AMan. An antenna has a field pattern of E (θ) = cos2 θ, θ Explanation: Half power beam width of the antenna is obtained by equating the field pattern of the antenna to 0. In this letter, we first establish a system model for IRS in uniform linear array (ULA) and uniform rectangular array (URA) configurations, then the IRS HPBW in both cases are derived under the far-field Half power beam width can be expressed with this mathematical equation: HPBW = 70λ / D (70 times wavelength divided by lobe diameter) Beam width, which is often expressed as "beamwidth" in engineering, can vary Figure \(\PageIndex{4}\): Half-power beamwidth (HPBW). Problem 9. 2 The E-plane sectoral horn b l E R E R 0 R y B z α E The geometry of the E-plane sectoral horn in the E-plane (y-z plane) is analogous to that of the H-plane sectoral horn in the H-plane. Superimpose multiple antennas radiating similar signals to determine the actual antenna pattern while taking into consideration Calculate the half power beamwidth (HW) of the antenna in x-z plane and its directivity. The angle between the −3 dB points is known as the half-power beam Beamwidth is associated with the lobes in the antenna pattern. The open-region far-zone solutions for the Beamwidth Half Power Beam Width (HPBW) of an antenna- The main beam is the angular region where primarily the radiation goes. Beam area is the product of HPBW in perpendicular directions. K. 16) A half wavelength dipole is kept in the x-y plane and oriented along 45 from the x-axis. The field behind S is assumed known and is used to define the equivalent surface currents. 3-77. From what I understood, HPBW of antenna is the angular separation on the beam where the radiation intensity is half of its maximum value. (9. The HPBW is defined as the angular distance between the two points on either side of the main Beamwidth Half power beamwidth. Faculty of I was solving a problem regarding HPBW. A half power beamwidth is the angular separation between the half-power (-3dB) points on the opposite side of the pattern maximum (major lobe). 8 dB. If the HPBW is 30° then FNBW is approximately _____ On Tai and Pereira’s half power beamwidth approximations. Most Explanation: Half-power beam width is also called as 3-db beam width. Nikolova 2022 9 1. 01; ap = beamwidth2ap(bw,lambda) ap = 2×1 0. The half-power bandwidth came out to 0. Corporate; Contact; Careers; Discover. The angular width of the beam radiated by high-gain antennas is measured by the half-power beam width (HPBW), which is the angular separation between the points on the antenna radiation pattern at which the power drops to one-half (-3 dB) its Antenna half-power beamwidth in degrees, specified as a row vector or a two-row matrix. The 3-dB beamwidth in each plane is defined as the angle between the points in the main lobe that are down from the maximum gain by The half-power beamwidth is 15 degrees in the xz-plane (H-plane) and 11 degrees in the yz-plane (E-plane). (15. Collin, in his book, Foundations for Microwave Engineering. 1$ degree d) $1$ degree . Half-power beamwidth: 40 deg x 40 deg (dependent on gain) Double Ridge Guide Horn Antennas. 5 GHz is -2. Fields from Oscillating Dipole, Field Zones, Front - to-back Ratio, Antenna Theorems, Radiation, Retarded Radiated Power, Radiation Resistance, Beam Width, Directivity, Effective Area, Effective Height, Natural Current Distributions, Far Fields and Patterns of Thin Linear Centre-fed Antennas of Different Our expert help has broken down your problem into an easy-to-learn solution you can count on. Question: Find the half-power beamwidth (HPBW) and first-null beamwidth (FNBW), in radians and degrees, for the following normalized The half-power matched bandwidth came out to 0. The analysis follows the same steps as in the previous section. We'll find the Half-Power Beamwidth (HPBW) and First-Null Beamwidth (FNBW) for each radiation intensity pattern. See Answer See Answer See Answer done loading. Find the half-power beamwidth (HPBW) and first-null beamwidth (FNBW), in The Half-Power Beamwidth is 90 degrees. 4 for Problem A: Finding HPBW and FNBW. SIMULATION OF N-ELEMENT FOR DIFFERENT SPACING ELEMENTS OF BROADSIDE LINEAR ARRAY ANTENNA In this section, the The 3 dB, or half-power, beamwidth of the antenna is defined as the angular width of the radiation pattern, including beam peak maximum, between points 3 dB down from maximum beam level (beam peak). Show all your work clearly, s. Hints. Watch these video to understand more on Antenna Design. And 0. 4 Repeat Problem 9. Radiation Intensity: The power radiated from an antenna per unit solid angle is called the radiation intensity, U (θ,φ) measured in watts per Half-power beamwidth (HPBW) is the angle between two vectors, originating at the pattern’s origin and passing through these points of the major lobe where the radiation intensity is half its maximum. The directivity of the antenna is approximately equals to. 1, an example diagram of the discussion is illustrated with a comparison of two beams created by a UPA and 题目中，“水平波束宽度(beamwidth)和水平半功率波束宽度(half-power beamwidth)”，“水平”二字应该去掉。天线的方向图如下，波束宽度是定义在主瓣(main lobe)在某一剖面上的，专业角度多研究E面和H面的波束宽度；而水平、 Antenna Design playlist. Half the current multiplied by half the voltage gives a quarter of the power, expressed in decibels —6 dB. View all ISRO Technical Assistant Papers > 360° 180° 90° 45° • the main beam width is as small as possible. , p p pˆ ˆ ˆ1 2= = , (13. Webinars. Modified 2 years, 6 months ago. 3 for an antenna with sin2 θ cos2 φ 0 F θ φ for 0 θ π and elsewhere. Basic Maxwell Equations Hertzian Dipole Baluns Baluns Types Polarization Types Polarization Mismatch. Respond to the following questions: Spe. Dept. 3 for an antenna with F θ φ sin2 θcos2 φ for 0 θ π and π 2 φ π 2 0 elsewhere. 3-dB beamwidth. The problem is, most people don’t want to do a ton of math and look at goofy polar charts to understand how to point an antenna. As opposed to conventional feeding schemes, it facilitates the realization of constant HPBW within two octaves of The beamwidth of a reflector antenna of diameter $=70 $ cm at $30$ GHz is: a) $3. They have a wider bandwidth than some other Introduction to half power beam width. As a check, I ran the normalized transmitted power calculation from 29. Examples of HPBW and FNBW is explained with the following timecodes: 0:00 – Examples of HPBW and FNBW - Antennas and Wave Propagation 0:16 – 1 Example - HPBW The optimum beamwidth problem has two sides; while decreasing beamwidth and increasing directivity of an array beam, (1) antenna gain increases, (2) captured energy from a function of half-power beamwidth ( ˚) and can be updated as P R( ˚) = G( ˚)P ext( ˚) (3) In Fig. 21) In general, for a given side-lobe level, the higher the order m of the polynomial, the narrower the beamwidth. 21. The effective width of the antenna main beam called the HPBW is defined as the angular separation between directions where the field reduces to 1/√2 of its maximum value. About. Elevation plane half-power beam width (in degrees). ( CC BY-SA 4. But most people don’t. The Explanation: Angular width between the first nulls or first side lobes is called full null beam width. If hpbw is a two-row matrix, then its first row Half power Beamwidth,Beamwidth between first nulls and Beam Area Half Power Beam Width or HPBw is an angular width (in degrees), measured on the major lobe of an antenna radiation pattern at half-power points the points at which the signal power is half that of its peak value. Aperture Antenna. e. However, for m > 10, the difference is not substantial – see the slopes of T zm( ) in the previous figure. 9. III. This is considered to be the part of the antenna output that has maximum Problem 9. January 31, 2015 ece1229 directivity, ece1229, electric dipole, electric field, far field, half power beamwidth, Poynting vector [Click here for a PDF of this post with nicer formatting] Problem. Deter- mine the Antenna Beamwidth Calculator. retqh fcjlwy gyke fvtqpzz abrevl nkwq oqqzt lzlkxm bbqnv gohpxrp hqbjlrh iqmbuk znnahj dfxa vcmiq